Codman Academy Visit, November 2, 2007
Idea: Shift each letter in the plaintext by the same amount to obtain the ciphertext.
Shift A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 1 B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A 2 C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B 3 D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C 4 E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D 5 F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E 6 G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F 7 H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G 8 I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H 9 J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I 10 K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J 11 L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K 12 M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L 13 N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M 14 O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N 15 P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O 16 Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P 17 R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q 18 S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R 19 T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S 20 U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T 21 V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U 22 W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V 23 X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W 24 Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X 25 Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y
Example:
Plaintext: ibm Ciphertext (shift by 1): JCN (shift by 2): KDO (shift by 25): HAL
Here is an applet for the shift cipher that you can use to help with shifting.
Challenge 1: Encrypt codman academy with a shift of 20.
How can we decrypt a message encrypted with a shift cipher shifting by n?
Suppose we don't know n?
Challenge 2: Decrypt the following two messages that have been encrypted with a shift cipher.
- NVCCVJCVPTFCCVXVTFDGLKVIJTZVETV
- JBEYQPUNZCVBAOBFGBAERQFBK
Note: ROT13 is a shift-by-13 cipher that is used in many places on the Internet to protect information from "casual glance". How do you decrypt something encrypted with ROT13?
Idea: Knowing the frequencies of letters in English text can help us break many ciphers, including shift ciphers.
Check out this information about letter frequencies.
Here is an applet for letter frequency analysis.
Challenge 3: Perform a letter frequency analysis on some of the following examples:
- Wellesley College Computer Science
- World Champion Boston Red Sox
- The Codman Academy Mission Statement
- Derrick Z. Jackson's Boston Globe article about the Codman Academy
- Gordon Edes's Boston Globe article about the World Series Champion Red Sox
- Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery"
Challenge 4: Perform a letter frequency analysis on the following examples from Challenge 2.
- NVCCVJCVPTFCCVXVTFDGLKVIJTZVETV
- JBEYQPUNZCVBAOBFGBAERQFBK
Could you predict the correct shift from your analysis?
Idea: Shift each letter in the plaintext by a different amount according to a key. (If the key is shorter than the plaintext, repeat it as many times as necessary.)
| Char | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
| B | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
| C | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B |
| D | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C |
| E | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D |
| F | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E |
| G | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| H | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
| I | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
| J | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I |
| K | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J |
| L | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K |
| M | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L |
| N | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M |
| O | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N |
| P | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O |
| Q | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P |
| R | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q |
| S | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R |
| T | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S |
| U | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| V | V | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| W | W | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V |
| X | X | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W |
| Y | Y | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X |
| Z | Z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y |
Example:
Plaintext: codmanacademy Key: catcatcatcatc Ciphertext: EOWOAGCCTFEFA
Here is an applet for the Vigenere cipher.
Challenge 5: The following ciphertext is a message encrypted with the Vigenere cipher using the key dog. What is the message?
ECYWCTPOYVOIKIYHHZVPJ
Idea: If the key length for the Vigenere cipher is known to be some number n, the key can be determined by "slicing" the ciphertext into n components and performing frequency analysis.
Here is an applet for text slicing.Challenge 6: The following ciphertext is a message encrypted with the Vigenere cipher using a 6-letter key. What is the key and what is the message? (Use the text slicer to slice the ciphertext into 6 parts and break up into groups to analyze the parts.)
YVHZI AVVHO OHTGH AFUWA DZEIG BWEIG DSFAM RUBHO EFUOU KFBTC QQPRQ DOQTB FWVEO YXSWT ECQZL FIPCZ EMNQU KKUCU JOYQC BPBHO TRFHK QMJKH KMNBV VHDAA FHRMS FWAHM MBPUW TECQK HDSBH HKQEN THKFH RUSSM RNVSD ZDRSI DXSGC HLANG QKKUC UVVHX AJUCI ZAGWF HMNQQ TQMTH TSVSO QGBWU TYGHK QMNFS FQNGT SVBEP VHRFH RQDLZ IBPGR RMNPY LZDEG EXURR UHKMT GJSBE HBWZG PEPNO UQTUG QDGSR UKKUC UKASQ LGJSP FOGJS VQPNT OWUOA YSKAL QVVHE EGTIW TSGQP HEEYH SYUDR PHWTA GCZOY EACFH ORRCH HPEDW OOFHN VHKQY NTSHZ DBYSG NYGJS LDCEG OWARJ KHKOE EVOLZ UACZL QNNDZ HDITJ HVFHN VOPAN TVVHE ENTSO UFRNW EQRGA OQPTU GDXDS HKHRR HNRDL ZEFUH KMTGQ GHOUE GHKQS RTWJT TFICY QRAOS QFSNT SLZSG KHXFE QCARZ GZGBG QRVXW QSTUG WUVUF VDRIE EUTUA MGJSF ANFGB WAFGJ SJAVR TBHPT UCHZT EAGJH DAAAT RDMBH URHEE PAHZT OGQRY EFFSV FRHEH LHEBH HKQSR GBGEI GKGWT EEKUK FOSVV HBEBR ZHFON NHHDO EVCDN OYKGK UTNPR WAIAU HLFUG GBHIG BXSUZ MRPHO MYVPU LFSSQ IQPAG KCQAN FWQKB RVPQL BLRUO QPOEI OQUZV PULFS CQKHD SVPGX OHSQF PMSGQ HKQMF JOOXS RGAPA SGNWN QLLVC HRFRE HWTEV TGDRE GAOQP HNRDL ZEFUD UGDRP QHUNQ GSGII YNRLO TNVSW TAGIC YQRAO SQFSY QBJQS GCPOU SUGRV TOHNR QATOG QKMNT GRIAR YKUKF AAFHU MNFKS QFCNW GHEAA FOFOO EFWQS LLCZO QXCGF LQNPG VDFHF JSZZT UCHPM NXKBG MRROC UQDVU DREEQ VCVGF SGFZT IYGSY ULFCF HEUSH SUMBY GHKMN GQFLS HGVVH YSRNJ HEBLC PRXIF JWQST UGTRD MFVCZ TIPJH KQYNT SDOCH UHRYE QDIWI HRPOO ANTVF DUNBH OEGSR UOQPU FWFSM TVQBV BUEUI LZGVP JDDIN DZBFH RUOPQ OOLSF FEIKB FQSNF SVUGA VCUQD HESWT EZWBG QRNDG RXUGG RHEPB VWVYI GKGWT EVTFL SHGKH LETUG WUPUG AHRFH EQKRR FFWQK SOIGF QYEAV OQPTB RFRHI QGBHI GHCFG EFBTH KQIEH IWGRR USFGR VVMVG CUJOV NERPH KQPNV WHZTF WTIQR NPQHA FGJSV QCBNC QUEFC BGEUP JWVZO JVVHZ EPGGV UTLYV LOHPQ BVFRN KBVFH ROHRM LGGFW TEVTT RDMRT GBETR OGRRG BXSUZ MRPHW TEUKG WARLQ TWTEC TSVQN GMWQS OSIFH MTOTW WMIAK GDTIF VCUKO STSSQ AGGRL ZJHTW HEAAF IVGRC CHLAN FCZOT AIKBJ UNQKF HOTBD XHOTG JSHET NDZLE HZGBW AFNPO EEOYW HHFYE CBQKO IGFWT EFGGW MTRUH RBRBX SWTIF NSWRA PVGEQ SHDAL FTRFH RMCNP RLPWB TZGTE UCGUQ FHUSG TIFCG VQNGV COMWF VVHYO FVKKA LRUCP QAAFB HOEFU OUKFB THKQP HDZLO GBQRK QHNUT RDBVF RHZHV UURHE EPCUE TBROV ELNYG RRIZO SGUAG GOQPP EGGVU NTKAS ARGCB FQUAN SVESH UDHZD RFWQF HRKFR BEECH LANGK ZOTIF CGVQN GUVRG LQDSR NTNKB HPAAF KKQNF QGXEP RPRHP HRJOV GTGGF OKNRI ZHOTR FHRMT GGBGF OGJSP TEUCG UQFHU SGFOC CGVAT UGFOM WFHCU FHRCQ FAMZQ RDFIB PCIXA EISGU SGTWF FSBHD HAPYG IQXEF UHKAS RRSRB LRYCX XDEGZ LZQHK GKFHR TWJTT BHFHB RRUSQ FAGKC QUNGJ SOQGV UZDFU EGOUU GUVWQ QSGKA DNLRV CWTEZ CBGRO EOWGM BYGHR FYECB WEOAN MKQHN UQDXL RFHRS EGJSU XETKG OMTVX SEADV GGDFP YCQHE UAWGX MLHPQ RYFBT HDNLR CBGPI FVOQF FEQAW TEQGD REIGQ FBAFG JSLDP HDZLO RRECU PSSQF WTEFQ ZHBUE RCVQO SHOWU GHKBJ FHROW QFOPQ ASXIN PQHII GJVLE MRCGX DEFJS KMSQK GVALI GRUQP EGGHZ TNVWY QHBWG HERRR SDFEQ NMIAR BRDRE IAIKL FHZCB OKFVT AQQSF JWVUN ICGLA NFQBW TEEKU KFSBH HKQPR QDOQH RJOVD ESWGH PFBTO OANTV WPQAS VSUEU PJRLE SBNIW UOAUH ROAHU SRFHR TGWAB RGZHO TRFKK QRRDM WTEYG ULELN VWYQP BYSUE IAEOS MBYGC IMNAK VLXAG KCQTA IGFHF UEPSG FOGJS SQOCN SDFLN TUHRO EVVHU RRZSU OIFGH KQSGC HHDEZ CWQUN TKBWT EZGOQ FIZGS ABOFG RWAAY NHKQD NPUHD SBHWQ HAFKC QRRBO KLFHB WHDZD PQBYG LFKCQ EWVVV LZHRJ OVQNQ GOYAU EGRWA PEGJH ZTGJS SAPHN OWUOA QTWTE FGGWM TRUTR DTUCH SGRCQ GHABF VFXOT VPUWT EYCKV ROEPO WGRNN WCMTV QBRRF BTSLS NRTGU QFHUW QSTBR OVEOG JSUET BGBFA UECUH FHRKF PUGEC HLANF JWWTE ECBGD AVUWQ STUGQ RZDVV WRZSB HBHIA CRFRB RVCHL ANFQT OMNQU VHTAF QPVFR HEHHP TUGOG YIAKG WDAGK CQAFW WGWUC RDMUQ FHUWQ SHVUO VEEAV HRXAJ UTRDE FVOEX IFJWQ SJHFW FUAEA DRIEE UVHTA FOOGQ JHFUH EDRRS QPEAV CQTIF YWOXA YQBHR OEVVH FEAWF HAFGJ SLDOS HWFQS NPRWT ENOCX ZTNPR SMYZG BWAFG JSLDS NNOUU EFJSK MSRTS FFEQC AXXTV VIGQO SPSZA FSKQH EAAFG HZTUK HKQRF YOUYS BHCIR IPGFV FOUCF UMSFQ IUBEB RZHMN QGOWA UGVVH URFWP VFAAE SKQHN UYHBT NOCQS UFKBW UMRUC IBENE SVFAA FWQSA EOWHE WVVVR GTGJS FANFG BWAFB WFOQG VUZDF UEGGK QHNUO IREPV SGFOE GBGQR GJSPU LVVOU KIAFS SQNQG BWAFN PRVGP RTWRD TBVVH OIIKZ SAWRT VHTAF ECPNI AGRZU TUQHK QRFVC VGBWG QWGSG QOMGR VURLO TVQBI ARRKU QFOBW FFANF VWWGT VQBDZ DHPOF WNBYZ HPGRF PBAUE NOZEG VXWQS HVUOV EEAVH RFHRK FDOTF QTSDE GGBGQ DYGUL ELNVW RZFBT EXMRG GFLZG YCFJQ BBFWH EOSCF PQDGT CRBSN OCQSU FHCUB RBVSF FIAIH KQMOA OPACX VFLML STCPB UAKGK YEAVT RDAAA AXDDR TGZTI PJHKQ YFJCX XDPQA PUTBP HKQIA JOEUT NPHVA FGJSV QSGCH HEFBT QXFTV PURRF BWFWD AQGKL FHNNZ SMRGU CIFHR YCUXD SQFLY PBUWQ STNZS VANHU KLFHB WHRGR PQBVQ NGHCU PECTW YUNTW GLZMN PMFMS RUCIF HRDSQ QFVVG RRTEK OONYW WFBRO EVFDZ SCQFW UNTWG EQYBP RVQAF VCEQT EKSGR OERFH FEAFS GAFSG BFQSS QFDNO YKGKU NTVVH RRRGG BETRO CIQNT NWVTL NYGLZ AAGWJ TBBWF LZGCT CYUNP GSVFA ONWVT IAIHK QRRKB DZAED WWDAE AURHE EPAHZ TNPRH ZLNTU LZGVV GEAUA FOUUE FUCDE TBTSQ PEEKH DFOAE SDZEK CASXE NPRIU TVPGW DUZGB WROEK BWDOQ WQLZG GJSVM MRCPV ALHVS UGLRK BWATU GGHOO YQBLQ SSQFW MKVPU DIALQ IUOHN THHDS NDCOU SUKBJ AUEOC VFVNN IDNLR NOZEA AFOOF EEKBJ RUAFO PQNGC ZOKTU GTRDM FQTRG RTQJH DNZGB WEFBT GXEPR PRLZG BWFRI NYGUL ELNVI UQSNP RGQCY CFLZG GJSPE EYXSV UNIGG WQDJK HKBOJ GFWAL RIWVX AGGTR DUFKB DXLPC GHEWU CHVAE IGFKQ HNUOE PIPCH HPGBX SUZMR PHKQR RDMGQ CYCFL ZGHUC XFOSJ WVBRB VSFFI BPOQP WNIWQ SWNTO JMIAU HXEHR JOVBL HPRHD EQQIU EENUF DHATG RRGRP QOVFS OWFQF OHTHR INFCB GPEFV FRKEQ VVHXI IGGRR OHTDH APYGV HUSNV HKUSG KAHFR NPGSA RGKBJ XAEIS DDMVG GRRFB TSLSN ZGFFQ NNTWH ETBEC PBLRC HWTEJ QFNEO SFSDF HQGGR XAGKC QMNQV MUMNA AOODE NFMEQ GHPKL FHPKF FGMFV OQOEF QTFDU RNHBB EEHWG KSPCF FQLLR OUMLY GZHPI AVVHY OFVPD DBNTC XEATG GDZDG QHDXL LWBZA RGJMW TEUGO GAFNE WYULV BSGZA GKCQT EUCGF ANFVF DUNRF CXDFR NZRIC VVWCQ NFVON QNPCD WUVRQ BWTEU KUKEE NUHRN ENTOU YSNIO LZSGV VHURP QIQFR LVCEQ CBOSW TERZS FGTVQ BHDSB HHKQI EHFLQ NQUOQ PBEGH KDEAQ FWAFN NZWTE ZUSOH EFDMW TEVTV DZDFJ SKMSR ZQLFE QFCPQ SGKQL ZSHTF HOTVQ BVMMB PUVFU FCBGT AFGBG QAIQI UQDGQ PUUNT QBWTE VPVDN IGCBW EOSQI URRBP HLQRF VVHYE EEWOQ SFKBG UAAUO YMGRU KKASR MBRIN EWZHA FJCFI MRRKG DZUAF WVFIA IILEH RFRHE TEWQW UOAQT DXLNI SVEEK GGDZD PQBGU TVQBV
Idea: If length for the Vigenere cipher is not known, we can use a graphical tool to experiment with different lengths to find a length for which the frequency analysis seems reasonable. This tool lets us find the key and decrypt the text at the same time!
Here is an applet for the graphical tool to break Vignere ciphers.Challenge 7: Use the graphical tool to determine the key length and decrypt the following ciphertext message encrypted with the Vigenere cipher. What is the key and what is the message?
YYCCB BZYER VSZKJ ISJLK PGSBV NIZGB TJWBO VQCXQ KJSPY WNGWI AGGCD IZKKO SPQAG QPRVY CEHZO KIRHJ JSSXF YYGRA VGMER VLVWH NRFKF TFKOK HPUMB ZJLNP URDTG YLMTH KWFLN UGGML XFYFF IOCMS WNUVY CHXDG IAILY VVJKH CCQIT HOFNI VUPAH BGJVJ PPGUW NPASZ WFHQQ WLPMI XVSVV BMFYC GNVRW XAGUE RLLBJ JMCGT RIHHN VOEPL QGSMB HDYCD WTURT XSQJJ MGJRR IASEJ HDBJL VJWYC ICIAS IRUHL QEZNW UKDNT EHNVM IVRPW XYCCI YIBCT NEWVJ LLMYF GKPJM VYKOQ LQMDK YIKUC CMHNR TPSJU WSUEG TPTTH KUEFB YTLMU GVYCN TFKVN SVUMV GSGJV GGVFK RTDYU QLMWR TKYXG ITRLX LLITQ YEKXF ILHNR TPTMV YYBRU VYGXZ OWEAP ZMJYS NPURW XDAIS JPRWX MUCRZ LTLGZ YAIAM AWHOE GKFTL SXZGW AQOGA YEPDC CMGGI EXUQB AYOGG UYBHB MDECK CZAAC AIKFT BFPLS IWMEW WMSTF KIASI FNHLL BGKNU GXMKX FTVDI OYBOM YAGMC GTBEW OGTMN YTPRT EKTGH HVCDT CAVJM GTLAI BJKFF IOCAW JHQUZ RXLHN VRXNF BGKNU GGCDI ZKKOP SRMJT LGQRZ DEWYY IIHLL LTCAU KGINH KEELN MDWWH ZGERA TMOEG XAQNG ZHQCK GDGCT JURON ZASWV RCCHT BJFRV HLQRN HTKKQ EHKKI SXUQC UMZBT DYHMC ZYEBZ FIDQM RGDKD LHRZK TSWBG JZSGT RIASO ISPMC BQFHQ JRNEB BKJSE YSLWS WRKEB TXRCZ LAKGK LFNRV YYIZC BVRCT CVLXF BPXCH MOHCI HOCLK MIHNU LDMPK THPUE MVKIE NZEWM OTUTG HLAAJ HGERS HXGGE DPJAW JICAI CWPEZ KOPTY GMFHY UCKFH ASCET WHRUS SEVPU YGXAU IESPQ XGXYQ VFQJY TKIWW PJMWA CYURP TLILW EGHZT WYBNP KMGBU NKTWL KAWQP RUSWP UCRZS WPLOL MYSQI KHMCC YIROR PWDUE GRARN GZFMT KZCLB BRPRJ DGUZI AXUMN SGOFG JYCWI YLREH RQGSM CWIQJ BBMZN KHPQS GFLVY CHTAK FBYLA BWACA EVQPW SYZGC AMZWI OPGKF TFITU EGHZA GQOGG UCHIC ZZSBP RQKYB RKIPX ZVZZT XZRPW NLQWK WIHHN IOLVD NKZWU IFTTK BSVNI HLLLT JEQMG SXBKN GJHPL KKIEV YCXKT AKUGL QMUZL VVPQJ VVNRS QLCVL MYCCK GTGHY LFULP IFHYB HKFTL SIFLD UGMKF HQULA WBGTF WIOCV WHYFU ZRNPV OTHRV LALWU VPJRW XAZFA AACZL MYVTW MGFSX JYHAC UKTZT QMCGG AKETI OCPAX NBTPM UMVKG RTZCV LPCAI FDVKS GKBGP RIASC FCYGH MCXPO UYCXW FNRFZ LYNFO VSPUB CKZLC CKGDG GGCLW HTQFL CAFZP TVHUS JTJRB ZJYFV RZABG NDECA MNSSU OUFJJ MSZPR PULGG AYEVY CHXGZ RTTZR WHWII GKFXL ZKKFP JRATJ MHDDG IMSJK OPJYV VNXJQ IJSAS NRSGL DCKJX UKJYH LSTKT DSYEK YBROF QIPVU CEHVK MSSXA GTCHL OXPFD YRPWU OONZA VHCJY EWHQN GWVVF UCCAW YXOKL PVGWM GQGYH LZGNS DMGUE JXVCK CPGRV IEHZG VYNGC QIRPG QKLNA LQAKZ MCGEB TWWTK HTPPW HJLNV ZMCMW RCHXZ YAKJH GUYMJ ERHVO QAYQF JXNPU UWXBY FSJZN MFIYQ JVFPL IZKEG SWVWL FREKC SMCGK TTUBB GYBRO YCWTG XVFJZ CLLTJ NUJMI ASXCA LZDWJ YBRCT ADFAU UAIPM VGKFN TXCSB GZIIR AQWXU YBRCC JGZKJ SIOMA WUYBR CCLHI RURTS GVIZC FJKFT KWMYT DMPMH WYFGE RPMWU EICAF MDJAV UCYIN FKRRX NFBAS YFVZK PUZKK OIOCU SSXSQ IKXWO HCEIV RGJFH GUFLA RVKYA HJYTD JXGQX CIASX CEVPQ TSYCI GSMSB SYRTE SYKWX OAWJS PEITT OBMMZ LFVYG RLSWW YKACA DZGRN UGUCE HGOKO GFMNL MYVTG SQEWI IERVP LKKIE VYCHH ZKGUG WMAWT ZSCKG VNWTX TWLKQ FYIPQ DNABO TTELP RPZNM ZGRQJ KSYYE WHQLA XMBNM CSKSV IEHLL BSYCI GYMJL SYIEE LYBWI FLHFP DIDUJ ICNUQ LMGNP CWUBF SEEHZ FQKNH ICJGD GGUET WLPQY MNFQW RWXDK FPALF MZFME GWSHX RLFRP SMVYY CZGRD IXFYL CWKGA KTFHV ZMCLH UTAJZ CWLMY EUKMQ XSRVC ILBEZ JLRDP RWXZK XIHSY BAAYC QNCGL WTTAE HZTWT ZNPEG WBZGK IDUFI NJLRV LPCXR ZFTWL NMGUF RCKJP KUKWO GAFMA WYKGI AXLSZ YEHAY BWWYZ CZLXG UOETW LKMSS NVOVC MICYV DIVYT DYBRF RLVXF YFFXU TIKNI AHIMB PWZYO JAYVV HIAXL JHBCT JWXAF QFMYU CJCCW SGMOJ YCLLT JEGMC CMHNV PDWST SYCBP FDIAS YVSIH RMKKI EVYYI IIXGO HLMJK YLHEK GCZHN VLPDQ NGWHN VLPPE WFRTX VLWXK IEGZE CXFYI EUBQQ FLNBR RQHHH NVRHA MMFHI HTRET MVKZR BPEZS YCBPJ FXMVK IACKP IAXCA IKFTV CTUII PMVKT ZAGNY EIFUG RXHRQ GSMBH CYCWG NVHPZ MJKYL HEKCS MVKRD BPLQK YLNVZ MCHTP LSIPA MTDLR HLQXG UNZSP ZQMFY NBNRU HYCXV SIHZT AXBVP XHJWW IZAGF NWOJL FJVFP LAGUE YBBOW XXRRV LSXBZ FNWPQ EAQFN NFLTY CXKHT ACVMW YBHKF TBFUW FXJCA SSXGJ VYBHI TKACK NIQRY AVFDI ASOIS PSYZA JMUGY YHXFK TTTKY UMQNV VLBTH TTVWD MDQUJ MNPUQ TGHNZ TWLPA OFLZU FDDYT OTEGZ RWZFL ECJQD NFVVO ESCIF IYNVF SIMVK ZRHBZ ALFHP GYCWT GQVPI HKWFL OFKER XFSYF FELYK WXNNP UGCZO XDITZ UQLMI HVKFT VCTJE CAMNG ZLYGX GHEOZ LRTZF MZFMN HWCRM SJKOG LLLWW NUGDG ABHGI YXUBM HJHQG ERDYO TUSJW CZATL GQKFT VWBZL EVUMJ MYUCJ ADFPO EESDG BZTNU GIQIH GASJT JRCKY INLLP XLROT TXVLN GWYVI ERDHI XTOCZ RQLZN VQEYC WITRC ZUMED JXTGU ZNHIX CALZE QNNHT JZQPL GKETI VRPWN LNEKQ DYDXV TTUBM VQYTK JJPMW UEFDY OCSWN RTZLV EOXXE QVBQW XISCI KTWHX FOEZY UGSAH UWMGI FUKER AGVYY BROSW PFCIB TGPYT XWIZR LLXLV SVNIM MZSSS ZWIBT KGCYI RORPW DMUQL JSVCS DIIVL BZJCA JRZXM OTKSD MRPWX YFVRR TLTUI CJARQ FLISH FSGMF GUELP RPSQF CCIRH HTZYE LVPTV KIEKD NDLWT XTPEC AGSOF YZRWH IZFUG JMVKJ HGHFP SXDXZ VXUEC KNHZC EWRTG KJOUA FMTJH RHZRH HTZII PSZGB ZLLHF PIKOT JPDYR QFLOF DVWDG RYVAH AMJWY LVGUD DKDXV TTUBM VTZSG EATLT UIAQV JQKMC AIKFT YFKVS NZRME TZRPX JXLVR RWHPL IFJCT JSMJK WTXPG VTQFH YRUKY QEWYY ICNRP WWYVP RLPKP OKRPY WOGAY EPDCC MOTUE CSYZY NHTKK QQHIT UAGPC AKTUF VFPTG RKIII HRWFH YNPVV PFDRV ACKDQ LNHFV ISBXB ZWOGP LBJTX HEZLV MVKJA BLYJK TFHVV PJESO ETDAF MKJWB NFLXX GLFRI HIQFL UJCPM JKQNR RILPA SGIYK JFXGU ULRBV QBNFF HCSJT EOCJA CKYTL JLVPX DJGRG DECAY TDDNU GWMGF GUWOJ YEWNJ LAOVL ILTUI SJZNM FICAI FSGHK TCEVP QTSYO EGJYC WRKTL PYGVY YBROJ CAOSY ZNKLQ BWIQV VYNDP SXKOA LEQKQ UGGWM GNGOE AASAI KJMJJ RRHHS BVRWL FIKFV QKTYI XRMFV TYLUW SNUGI CQRRK TLPYG VYZMB WKMUA WYGRD ACKLN IACEB LTUOE GLHPI YFCAU KSHAS NRSES SVVJL RFFSG LSGJR PCYOW IIHTT MPLHY SUGUR WMWNB YEQPG RJVSI YMGWI NUGCG KXGUW OJYNM GUFRJ VGHTH ZYIHA GUWYL NPJND KHOEG AHPOW FLZKV QDYTU IEXNL UWWWR PRPXX GZFCD TNTWF NGJVU DKYYF FSLYB ZIYFQ CYIBC TRNSA WZSSH LCCPT TRESE VBLEA YBPKI AJFGZ RNRLQ WXHLH GCRNI SXWIS FQKSW WRNPN PKORC EALBQ FYBRO FQIUO XSAGV SASLY FCEBI HHGCL NBLEG WNUAK FTASG UOUHA QNNFV BVBCT HOFNW LFIKH IAUKP PBBKU OJYDM DQIJE ZRXSS TJTPR CVUFJ GKMCD GHNVH XNFAW FMGQS CPKOX DSPNY QFXNG JVGGV CAETG FRWTJ WBOVR WXSDV CJAGW FJLFQ WRWXW XWRXL LLKFH QDICI AFKEO GAMNS QFGJV KHXZB VSQFR PWNLU CEBHA SNRST EAQLJ XQQDC HMWIZ NHBPZ WHNVQ EQPFC TXSIB QIFIB NUVLS XOBFU GLBBG GLVPX MCMVK ZNWHZ QLFHG UFDDN FLIOC AGMJX NUGDC GVWRV SHPLL AFHFC MYVXG CYOHL IVGBH EWCCD YKGIF PYCQK FHHPU GHMWT XUXZF MVIYF VISRM WUEOU HJTSL YFUVV TLOTU CDUBQ LNIAU
All but the last applet on this page were adapted from http://pages.central.edu/emp/LintonT/classes/spring01/cryptography/cryptography.htm . The letter frequency information was found there as well.
The graphical tool for breaking Vigenere ciphers was found at http://math.ucsd.edu/~crypto/java/EARLYCIPHERS/Vigenere.html>.